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1 διακόπτω
V 1-7-4-1-4=17 Gn 38,29; 2 Sm 5,20(bis); 6,8; 2 Kgs 3,26A: to cut in two, to cut through, to divide [τι] Ps 28(29),7; to break open [τι] 2 Mc 10,36; to cut through [abs.] 2 Kgs 3,26; to break through [τινα] 2 Sm 5,20; to destroy, to devastate [τι] Jdt 2,23; to cut through into [εἴς τι] Am 9,1; to make a breach upon [ἔν τινι] (of pers.) 1 Chr 15,13P: to be cut through Gn 38,29; to be broken up (of a city) Jer 52,7; to be killed 2 Mc 10,30; to be dispersed (of water) 2 Sm 5,20διέκοψεν κύριος διακοπήν the Lord made a breach, inflicted a deep wound (semit., rendering MT פרץ פרץ יהוה) 2 Sm 6,8 -
2 ῥήγνυμι
Aἀναρ- Hp.Flat.10
: [tense] impf.κατ-ερρήγνυε D.21.63
, etc.); later [full] ῥήσσω, Gal.10.640, Orib.Fr.93, Gloss.;ῥήσσεσθαι PHolm.6.3
, cf. 4.22; ἀπο-, δια-ρρήσσεσθαι, Hp.Int.17,42; [full] ῥήττω, Str.11.14.8, Dsc.4.150 (v.l. ῥήσσει), ([etym.] περι-) Id.2.98, 3.18 (v.l. περιρρήσσει); ῥήττεσθαι Bito 45.8
, Str.7.3.18: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ῥήγνυσκε Il.7.141
: [tense] fut.ῥήξω 12.262
, Hdt.2.2, ([etym.] ἐκ-) S.Aj. 775: [tense] aor.ἔρρηξα Il.3.348
, Pi.N.8.29, Ar.Nu. 960;ῥῆξα Il.6.6
: [tense] pf. ἔρρηχα ([etym.] δι-) LXX 2 Ki.14.30, 15.32:—[voice] Med. ῥήγνῠμαι, [tense] fut. ῥήξομαι, [tense] aor. ἐρρηξάμην, all in Il. (12.257, 224, 291), [tense] pres. also in Hp.VC4,12: [tense] aor. , ([etym.] κατ-) X.Cyr.3.1.13; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.ῥήξαντο Il.11.90
:—[voice] Pass., subj.ῥήγνῡται Hippon.19.4
: [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf.ῥηγνύατο Arat.817
: [tense] fut.ῥᾰγήσομαι Plu.2.668a
, ([etym.] διαρ-, ἐκ-) Ar.Eq. 340, A.Pr. 369, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐρράγην [ᾰ] S.Fr. 578, Ar.Nu. 583, etc.; later ἐρρήχθην, Tryph.11; δια-ρρηχθῇ (v.l. -ρραγῇ) Hp.Int.29: [tense] pf. ἔρρηγμαι ([etym.] συν-) Od.8.137; but intr. [tense] pf. ἔρρωγα is more freq., v. infr. c. 1; [tense] pf. part. fem. ἐρρηγεῖα, v. infr. c. 2; masc. pl.κατ-ερρηγότας Hsch.
The word is hardly used by correct [dialect] Att. Prose-writers, exc. in [voice] Pass.:—break asunder, rend, shatter,τεῖχος Il.12.198
;πύλας 13.124
;σάκος 21.165
;θώρηκας 2.544
;ἱμάντα 3.375
;νευρήν 8.328
;ὀστέον 20.399
;χρόα 23.673
; only once in Od., :—later, esp. rend garments, in sign of grief,ῥ. πέπλους A.Pers. 199
, 468; ῥ. ἕλκεα make grievous wounds, Pi.N.8.29; ῥ. ὀστᾶ, σάρκας, E.HF 994, Ba. 1130;ἀρότροις γῆς δάπεδον Ar.Pl. 515
: in [dialect] Ion. and later Prose,ῥήγνυσι.. τὸν ἀμφὶ τὴν ὄψιν χιτῶνα Hp.VM19
;ῥήττειν νευράν Str.15.1.57
;τὰ δεσμά Luc.DDeor.17.1
;τὰς πύλας Id.Par.46
;μὴ στραφέντες ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς Ev.Matt.7.6
:—[voice] Med., break for oneself, get broken,ὄρνυσθ'.. ῥήγνυσθε δὲ τεῖχος Il.12.440
, cf. 224, 257, 291:—[voice] Pass., v. infr. B.2 break a line of battle or body of men, ῥ. φάλαγγα, ὅμιλον, στίχας ἀνδρῶν, Il.6.6, 11.538, 15.615; τὸ μέσον ῥῆξαι break through the centre, Hdt. 6.113: abs., ἐρρηξάτην ἐς κύκλα.. ὅπλων broke through, S.Fr.210.9:— [voice] Med., ῥήξασθαι φάλαγγας, στίχας, break oneself a way through the lines, Il.11.90, 13.680, cf. E.Heracl. 835;ῥηξαμένῳ θέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον Il.12.411
.4 after Hom., ῥῆξαι φωνήν let loose the voice, of children and persons who have been dumb or silent, break into speech, speak out, Hdt.1.85, 2.2, 5.93, cf. Ar.Nu. 357, 960;ῥῆξαι αὐδήν E.Supp. 710
; later ῥήξασθαι φωνήν, θρόον αὐδῆς, φθόγγον, utter, AP5.221 (Agath.), 7.597 (Jul.), 9.61: abs., ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον cry aloud, LXXIs.54.1; v. infr.c.5 also δακρύων ῥήξασα.. νάματα having let loose, having burst into floods of tears, S.Tr. 919; κλαυθμὸν ῥ. Plu.Per.36;ῥ. τὰ ὄρη εὐφροσύνην LXX Is.49.13
;ῥήγνυσι πηγὰς ὁ χῶρος Plu.Mar.19
;ῥ. νεφέλην ἔς τινας Philostr.Im.2.27
; v. infr. B.B [voice] Pass., break, break asunder, burst,κῦμα ῥήγνυτο Il.18.67
;κῦμα.. χέρσῳ ῥηγνύμενον 4.425
, Hes.Sc. 377; of clouds, Ar.Nu. 378; ῥαγῆναί τι τῆς γῆς, as in an earthquake, Pl.R. 359d;ῥαγεῖσα Θηβαίων κόνις S.Fr. 958
;ἱμάτια ῥαγέντα X.Cyr.1.6.16
; ; ῥήττονται ὑδρίαι (by the cold) Str.7.3.18; τοῖς βασκάνοις εἶναι ῥήγνυσθαι may the envious burst, Aristid.Or.50 (26).69;τοῖς εἴ τις εὐδοκιμήσειεν ἐπί τῳ ῥηγνυμένοις Lib.Or.29.13
, cf. Or.1.207.2 burst forth, like lightning, βροντὴ δ' ἐρράγη δι' , Ar.Nu. 583, cf. Plu.2.919b; soκαταμηνίων ῥαγέντων Hp.Aph.5.32
, cf. Nat.Mul.13, Arist.HA 582b10, etc.3 of ships, to be wrecked, D.56.21: metaph.,πολλῶν ῥαγεισῶν ἐλπίδων A.Ag. 505
.4 of a stone, γράμματι ῥηγνύμενον scored with lettering, i.e. inscribed, Puchstein Epigr.Gr.p.76 (Memphis, i B.C.).C intr., like [voice] Pass., break or burst forth,ἔρρηξεν ἔμετος Hp.Epid. 4.24
;τὸ πνεῦμα ῥήγνυσι Id.Nat.Puer.12
; : metaph.,ὁποῖα χρῄζει ῥηγνύτω S.OT 1076
(in answer to the words δέδοιχ' ὅπως μὴ.. ἀναρρήξει κακά): freq. in this signf. in [tense] pf. ἔρρωγα, to have broken out,ἔρρωγε παγὰ δακρύων Id.Tr. 852
(lyr.): metaph.,κακῶν πέλαγος ἔρρωγεν A.Pers. 433
;τάδ' ἐκ δυοῖν ἔρρωγεν.. κακά S.OT 1280
;σοὶ τάδ' ἔρρωγεν κακά E.Hipp. 1338
; broken, disjointed,Com.Adesp.
661.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ῥήγνυμι
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3 διακόπτω
A cut in two, cut through,διὰ δέρην ἔκοψε μέσσην Anacr.80
, cf. Th.2.4, X.An.7.1.17, etc.; χῶμα Wilcken Chr.11 B6 (ii B.C.);ἰσθμόν Str.1.3.18
; gash,σκέλος Men.Georg.48
:—[voice] Pass., receive a gash, Hp.Aph.6.18, al., Plb.2.30.7; so διακέκοπται of base coin which had a hole drilled in it, Suid.2 break through the enemy's line,δ. τάξιν X.An.1.8.10
;τὴν φάλαγγα Plu.Pyrrh.7
; τεῖχος Aen. Tact.32.7: abs., break through the enemy's line, X.HG7.5.23, etc.;διακεκοφότας πρὸς τὰς εἰσόδους Id.Cyr.3.3.66
; so, of a weapon,δ. ἄχρι τοῦ διελθεῖν Luc.Nigr.37
: metaph. of a remedy, have decisive effect, SIG1170.16 (Epid.).3 break off, interrupt,τὴν περίοδον Arist.Rh. 1409b9
([voice] Pass.);δ. τὰς διαλύσεις Plb.1.69.5
;συνθήκας Id.18.42.3
; ἑορτήν, ῥῆσιν, Luc.Lex.11, Dom.14;ὕπνον Ael.NA3.37
:— [voice] Pass., of the pulse, Gal.8.459; also, to be checked,τὰ πρὸς ἑταίρας δ. σωφρονισμοῖς Plu.2.712c
; διακέκομμαι τὸ στόμα I am struck dumb, Men.Sam. 334.4 refute, in [voice] Pass., Phld.Sign.11.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διακόπτω
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4 ῥήγνυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to tear (up), to break (to pieces), to burst' (Il.).Other forms: Fut. ῥήξω, aor. ῥῆξαι (all Il.), perf. midd. ἔρρηγ-μαι (θ 137), act. (intr.) ἔρρωγα (Archil., Hp., trag.), ptc. ἐρρηγεῖα (Tab. Heracl.), trans. ἔρρηχα (hell.), aor. pass. ῥαγῆναι (Il.) w. fut. ῥαγήσομαι (A. a.o.), ῥηχθῆναι (late); new pres. ῥήσσω, ῥήττω (Hp., hell.; to ῥῆξαι, ῥήξω).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐκ-, κατα-, περι-. As 1. member in verbal governing compp. ῥηξ(ι)-, e.g. ῥηξ-ήνωρ adjunct. of Achilles, `breaking the (rows of) men' (Hom.) with - ηνορίη (ξ 217); cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 180; diff. Muller Mnem. 46, 135ff.: to Lat. regō (by Kretschmer Glotta 11,249 rightly doubted); Jernstedt (s. Idg. Jb. 14, 151): to ῥήσσω `to throw (down)'; cf. the lit. on ἀνήρ.Derivatives: A. With full grade: 1. ῥῆγμα ( ἔκ-, σύν-) n. `tore, cleft, breach' (IA.) with ῥηγματίης, - τώδης (Hp.); 2. ῥηγμός `id.' (pap. IIIa); 3. ῥηγμίν (- μίς), - μῖνος f. `breaking down of a cart, breaking of the sea' (ep. Il.); ῑν-deriv.; cf. Chantraine Form. 168, Schwyzer 465; after Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 40 influenced by θῑν ( θίς); 4. ῥῆξις ( κατά-, περί- etc.), Aeol. Ϝρῆξις f. `breaking through, breach' (Alc., Hp., E., Arist.) with ῥηκτικός ( κατα-) `fragile, brittle' (Hp., Aët.); 5. ῥήκτης m. "the disruptor", des. of a certain form of earthquake (Arist., Lyd.); 6. Ϝρηγαλέον (cod. τρ-) διερρωγότα H.; cf. below B 4 and Leumann Hom. Wörter 273; 7. αὔρηκτος = ἄ-Ϝρηκτος `unbroken' (Hdn. Gr.). -- B. With ω-ablaut: 1. ῥώξ f. only ῥῶγας acc.pl. (χ 143) `tore' = `narrow passage' (cf.Wace JHSt. 71, 203ff., Bérard REGr. 67, 23ff.), further in prefixcompp., e.g. ἀπορρώξ `torn off', f. `torn off piece, outflow' (ep. poet. Il.); 2. διαρρωγή f. `gap, interspace' (Hp.); ῥωγαί ῥήξεις H.; 3. ῥωγάς, - άδος `torn up, cleft' (hell. poetry.); 4. ῥωγαλέος `torn up, full of holes' (Hom.); 5. ῥωγμή f. `breach, tore' (Hp., Arist.) with ῥωγματίης (Hp. ap. Gal.; cf. A 1); ῥωχμός m. `tore, cleft, gap' (Ψ 420, hell. ; \< - σμο-, Schwyzer 493), - μαί pl. `id.' (Marc. Sid.). -- C. With zero grade: 1. ῥαγή ( δια-), ῥαγάς, ῥάγδην, ῥαγδαῖος s. ῥαγή; 2. ῥάγος n. `rag, shred' (pap. IIp), ῥαγόεις (Nic.) after ῥάκος (s.v.), - όεις; 3. περιρραγ-ής `broken around' (AP; from περι-ρραγῆναι).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1182] *wreh₁ǵ- `break'Etymology: With ῥήγνυμι \< *Ϝρήγνυμι (cf. Ϝρῆξις, Ϝρηγαλέος) agrees semant. exactly primary Arm. ergic-anem, aor. ergic-i with the usu. caus. ergic-uc̣anem `tear apart, break'. Also phonetically they agree well except the stemvowel, as Arm. ergic-anem prop. requires an IE diphthong (u̯reiǵ-) against Gr. ῥηγ- \< u̯rēg-. If the regular phonetic development was not disturbed by one or other derailment, what would hardly suprise with a verb of this meaning, the verbs must be seprated; cf. Frisk Etyma Armen. 29 (with another hypothesis on ergicanem). Phonetically doubtful but semant. less convincing is the comparison (since Meillet MSL 9, 142) with a Balto-Slav. verb for `beat etc.' in Lith. rė́žti `cut, incise, beat', OCS rězati ' κόπτειν', Russ. rézatь `cut, slaughter' usw., to which also a.o. Russ. razítь `beat'; cf. on ῥάσσω w. lit.; older lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 319 a. 2, 344. The forms with ῥαγ- must be secondary (as *u̯r̥h₁ǵ- would give Ϝρηγ-).Page in Frisk: 2,652-653Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥήγνυμι
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5 κατακόπτω
A cut down, fell, of trees, in [voice] Pass., Thphr.HP3.15.1, CP2.15.4, etc.2 cut in pieces, cut up, Hdt.1.48,73, 2.42, Ar.Av. 1688 ([voice] Pass.), etc.; ; κατακοπείς cut in pieces, Hdt.8.92.3 cut down, massacre, butcher, Id.6.75, Th.7.29:—[voice] Pass.,ὥσπερ βόες κατεκόπησαν Phld.Rh.1.235S.
4 in a military sense, cut in pieces, 'cut up',τὴν μόραν D.13.22
:—[voice] Pass.,κατακοπῆναι X.An.1.2.25
; κατακεκόψεσθαι ib.1.5.16.5κ. πληγαῖς τινα PLips.37.20
(iv A.D.), etc.6 generally, break in pieces, destroy,στεφάνους D. 22.70
;κέραμον Plb.5.25.3
; ἔρια ὑπὸ τῶν σέων κατακοπτόμενα fretted in pieces, Ar.Lys. 730, cf. Luc.Ind.1: metaph.,κ. τὴν ἀρχήν Plu. Demetr.30
;κατακέκοπταί οἱ τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς γαῦρον Id.2.762f
; κατεκόπημεν ἄν we should have been made mince-meat of, Pl.Com.35.7 weary, bore, Anaxipp.1.23, Men.Sam.70,77.8 Rhet., λέξις -κεκομμένη 'staccato', jerky composition, Demetr.Eloc.4.9 in [voice] Med., μαστοὺς κατεκόψατο, in vehement grief, Epigr.Gr. 316 ([place name] Smyrna).II strike with a die, coin bullion into money, Hdt.3.96;τὸν θρόνον ὄντα ἀργυροῦν X.HG1.5.3
;τὰς Χρυσᾶς πλίνθους εἰς νόμισμα D.S.16.56
, cf. Demetr.Eloc. 281, Lib.Or.14.45.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κατακόπτω
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6 ῥήγνυμι
ῥήγνυμι (Mt 9:17 and its by-form ῥήσσω Mt 9:17 D; Lk 5:6 D) fut. ῥήξω; 1 aor. ἔρ(ρ)ηξα, impv. ῥῆξον; pf. 3 pl. ἐρρώγασιν Josh 9:13, ptc. ἐρρηγώς Job 32:19. Pass.: 2 fut. ῥαγήσομαι; 2 aor. ἐρράγην LXX; inf. ῥαγῆναι AcPl Ha 3, 11 (Hom.+; LXX; TestSol; TestJob 28:3; TestJud 2:6; Mel., P. 91, 682; Ath., 18, 3)① to cause to come apart or be in pieces by means of internal or external force, tear in pieces, break, burst τινά or τὶ someone or someth. (Jos., Ant. 5, 310) of wine τοὺς ἀσκούς burst the wine-skins (Alex. Aphr., An. Mant. 124, 20 Br.) Mk 2:22; cp. Mt 9:17 D; Lk 5:37. Pass. be torn, burst (Diod S 3, 34, 2; TestJud 2:6; ViHab 12; PGM 4, 361; 2674; 13, 264) Mt 9:17. ὥστε τὰ δίκτυα ῥήσσεσθαι Lk 5:6 D. ῥαγῆναι τὰ δεσμά AcPl Ha 3, 11. Of ferocious animals tear in pieces w. their teeth μήποτε ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς Mt 7:6 (Aesop, Fab. 408a H. of a swine: τοῖς ὀδοῦσιν ἀναῤῥήξειν τὴν κύνα; cp. the alternate version: 408b H. ἀνατεμεῖν ‘cut up’/250 III H-H. ἀνατεμεῖ).② to effect an action or intensify it by initially throwing off restraint, tear/break/let loose, break out in (Hdt. 2, 2, 3 and Aelian, Fgm. 41 p. 203, 2 φωνήν; Plut., Pericl. 172 [36, 7] κλαυθμόν; LXX; Philo, Conf. Lingu. 194. Cp. also Ps.-Oppian, Cyneg. 1, 226 ῥῆξεν ποτὲ δεσμὰ σιωπῆς) ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον break forth and cry aloud (Is 54:1) Gal 4:27; 2 Cl 2:1.—Pass. break forth (PPetr II, 23, 1, 12 [III B.C.] ὕδωρ ἐρράγη; SibOr 4, 53) of light B 3:4 (Is 58:8).—S. also ῥήσσω.—DELG. M-M. -
7 τομή
A end left after cutting, stump of a tree, ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπεν [τὸ σκῆπτρον] Il.1.235; ῥιζῶν τομαί the ends of the roots ( left by cutting away the tree), S.Fr.534.5 (anap.); ὀπὸν.. στάζοντα τομῆς ib.2; δοκοῦ τ. end of a beam, Th.2.76;ἡ τοῦ καλάμου τ. Thphr.HP4.11.7
, cf. Theoc.10.46; λίθοι ἐν τομῇ ἐγγώνιοι stones cut square, Th.1.93 (sed leg. ἐντομῇ) ; σκέψαι τομῇ προσθεῖσα βόστρυχον having fitted the lock to the place from which it was cut, A.Ch. 229 ( σκέψαιτο μὴ cod. M, distinxit Turnebus); πρὸς τὴν τ. μεταστρέφειν to the cut, Pl.Smp. 190e, cf. Arist.HA 532a4.b Ταύροιο τ. prob. = προτομή 1, Arat. 322.2 Math., section, as a circle is the section of a sphere, a conic section of the cone, Arist.Mete. 375b32, Pr. 912a13, cf. App.Anth.4.74 ([place name] Synesius); with or without κοινή, the line in which two planes cut each other, Arist.Metaph. 1060b14, Euc.11.16, Archim. Con.Sph.11, al., Apollon.Perg.Con.1.4, etc.; point of intersection of two lines, Archim.Spir.20, al., Ptol.Alm.3.3, etc.: abstract use, περὶ διωρισμένης τ. On determinate section, name of lost treatise of Apollon.Perg.; τὰ περὶ τὴν τ. the theorems about the section (sc. in extreme and mean ratio), Procl.in Euc.p.67 F.:—in conic sections, τομαὶ ἀντικείμεναι opposite sections, i.e. branches of hyperbola, Apollon.Perg.Con.2.15; συζυγεῖς τ. conjugate sections of hyperbolas, ib.17.3 incision or insection between parts of an insect's body (whence their name of ἔντομα), Arist.PA 682b25.4 ἡ εἰς ἄπειρον τ. infinite divisibility, Epicur.Ep.1p.16U.II cutting, cleaving, ἐν τομᾷ σιδάρου by stroke of iron, S.Tr. 887 (lyr.);πελέκεως τ. E.El. 160
(lyr.);φασγάνου τομαί Id.Or. 1101
; cutting off or down, ; vine-cutting, PCair.Zen. 736.29 (iii B.C.); cutting up,εἰς τ. καὶ προσαγωγὴν χάλικος PPetr.3p.290
(iii B.C.); hewing,λίθων IG12.336.7
, 11, SIG244 ii 58 (Delph., iv B.C.), IG42(1).106i19, al. (Epid., iv B.C.).2 use of the knife in surgery, Hp.VC13; ;οὔτε τ. οὔτε καῦσις Hp.Art.62
;σιδήρου τ. Sor.1.80
: pl., Pi.P.3.53, E.Fr.403.6;τὰς θεραπείας.. διὰ καύσεών τε καὶ τομῶν Pl.Prt. 354a
, cf. Ti. 65b.3 castration, Luc. Philops.2.7 αἱ τ. τῆς γῆς, i.e. canals, Lib. Or.18.232.III severance, separation,τ. καὶ διάκρισις Pl.Ti. 61d
, cf. 80e; of number, division, Id.Lg. 738a; τομὴν ἔχειν ἔν τινι to admit a distinction in.., ib. 944b; χρονικαὶ τ. distinctions of tenses, A.D.Synt.10.18; process of division (sc. μεγέθους), Nicom. Ar.1.2.3 metaph., conciseness or precision in expression, Eun.VSp.461B.4 τ. πράγματος, = decisio, Gloss.IV a cut, wound, Arist.HA 632a18, Aen.Tact.11.14: metaph., wound,πόλις δεδεγμένη τ. Plu.Cor.16
, cf. Per.11.2 caesura in verse, Aristid.Quint.1.24; more generally, break between successive words, Hermog.Id.2.10, Heph.15.2, al., Eust.740.1. -
8 ἐκκόπτω
A cut out, knock out,τοὺς γομφίους Phryn.Com.68
;τῶν ἑρπετῶν ἐξέκοψε τὸ φθέγμα Call.Iamb.1.163
:—[voice] Pass., ἢν..τωφθαλμὼ' κκοπῇς have your eyes knocked out, Ar.Av. 342 ;τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν ἐκκεκομμένος D.18.67
; ἐξεκέκοπτο τὴν φωνήν had lost his voice, Luc.JTr.16.2 cut [trees] out of a wood, fell, Hdt.6.37 ([voice] Pass.), 9.97, Th.6.99, etc. ;δένδρα ἐκκεκόφασι X.HG6.5.37
; παράδεισον laid waste the park, Id.An.1.4.10 ;χωρία D.H.8.87
;νήσους καὶ πόλεις Plu.Pomp.24
: hence,b metaph., cut off, make an end of,τοὺς ἄνδρας Hdt.4.110
; ἐ. φενακισμόν, ἱεροσυλίαν, Din.2.4, Is.8.39 ; eradicate abuses, OGI669.64 (Egypt, i A.D.) ;τὴν αἰσθητικὴν ἐνέργειαν Arist.PA 656b5
; extirpate, [ λύπας] Diog.Oen.2 :—[voice] Pass.,ἡ θρασύτης ἐξεκέκοπτο Pl.Chrm. 155c
.3 as military term, beat off, repulse,τὰς ἀκροβολίσεις X.Cyr.6.2.15
;τοὺς ἐπὶ τῷ λόφῳ Id.HG7.4.26
.4 win, in throwing the dice, Alex.44, Menecr.ID.:— [voice] Pass., to be ruined at play, Hsch.5ἐ. θύρας
break open,Lys.
3.6 ;οἰκίαν ἐ. Plb.4.3.10
.6 cut out or erase an inscription, SIG38.38 (Teos, V B.C.), Arist.Rh. 1400a33 ;οὐδενὶ ἐξέσται..γράμμα ἐκκόψαι CIG3028
([place name] Ephesus), al. ;ἐ. τὴν χεῖρα Ev.Matt.5.30
; cut out, as a surgeon does, Luc.Cat.24.7 coin, stamp money, D.S.11.26.b metaph., φαντασίαν ἐ. ὡς.. Phld.Lib.p.56 O. ; γένη οὐκ ἐκκοπτόμενα ἰδίοις τέλεσι genders not marked by different terminations, A.D. Synt.104.23 ; ἐ. ἀναφθέγματα coin expressions, Phld.D.3.14.8 hinder, bring to a stop, PAlex.4.1 (iii B.C.), Vett.Val.268.6.II intr., pause, come to a stop, Id.260.24.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐκκόπτω
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9 κόλος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: of cows and goats `hornless, with not fullgrown horns' (Hdt., TheoC., Nic., H.), of a spear `without point' (Π 117), of battle `broken off' (sch. as name of Θ).Compounds: As 1. member in κόλουρος `with short tail' (Plu.), as mathem. and astron. term `stump' (Hipparch. Astr., Hero, Nicom.); with κολουραῖος `broken off, steep' ( πέτρα, Call.), κολούρα `hill etc.' (Hermione, Epid.), κολουρίᾳ τῃ̃ ἀποτομίᾳ, κολουρῖτις γῆ. Σικελοί H., κολούρωσις = κολόβωσις (Iamb.); Lat. LW [loanword] clūra `ape' (W.-Hofmann s. v., Leumann Sprache 1, 206 n. 8). -Derivatives: After κόλ-ουρος prob.(?) κόλ-ερος `with short-sheared wool-fleece' (Arist.; oppos. εὔ-, ἔπ-ερος; s. εἶρος); further κολόχειρ χείραργος H. - Derived from κόλος or closely related two verbs: 1. κολάζω, κολάσαι, rarely with συν-, ἀντι-, προ-, `wring in, chastise, punish, cut' (IA); prob. denomin. κόλασις `chastisment' (IA.), - ασμα (Ar., X.), - ασμός (Plu.) `id.'; κολαστής `punisher' (trag., also Pl., Lys.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 36f.), also κολαστήρ `id.' (Arr.), with f. κολάστρια (Ezek.), κολάστειρα (AP); κολαστήριον, adj. - ος `punishment, punishing' (X., Ph.), κολαστικός `punishing' (Pl.). - 2. κολούω, κολοῦσαι, somet. with περι-, κατα-, ἀπο-, `mutilate, limit' (Il.); formation unclear; (cf. Schwyzer 683, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 374; s. also on κωλύω). From it κόλουσις `docking, cutting short' (Arist.), κολούσματα κλάσματα H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The archaic and dying κόλος, which was in a way replaced by the expressive form κολοβός, partly also by κόλ-ουρος, belongs as verbal noun to a Balto-Slavic, in Greek replaced by κολάπτω (s. v.) primary verb meaning `beat, hew, cut off, break off', which left in Greek several continuants, s. κλάω, κελεός m. (uncertain, improbable). The remarkable barytonesis (Schwyzer 459) may be connected with the passive meaning; perhaps κόλος was like stump orig. a substantive. A formal parallel is OCS kolъ `πάσσαλος', Russ. kol `pole' (prop. "splitoff, cut off piece of wood"?; cf. σκῶλος `pointed pole' to σκάλλω?); with lengthened grade Lith. kuõlas `pole'. - The further history of κόλος is uncertain because the word is not often attested; so we don't know, whether we must start from a general meaning like `stump' or from a word with a special meaning, like `hornless' (from *`broken off' v. t.); cf. the history of κόλουρος.- The parallels adduced are not very convincing; the verbs κολάπτω, κολούω, of unclear formation, point rather to a Pre-Greek complex.Page in Frisk: 1,902-903Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόλος
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10 κατακόπτω
κατακόπτω impf. κατέκοπτον; fut. κατακόψω LXX; 1 aor. κατέκοψα LXX. Pass.: aor. κατεκόπην (LXX; JosAs 23:3); pf. ptc. κατακεκομμένος LXX (Hdt.+).① to cut in a rough manner, lacereate, cut τινά τινι someone w. someth. ἑαυτὸν λίθοις cut oneself w. stones Mk 5:5 (REB: ‘gash himself’). Some prefer the sense beat (Kaibel 316, 3 of a wailing woman beating her breasts, s. κόπτω: PLips 37, 20 κατέκοψαν πληγαῖς αὐτόν; PSI 313, 10. S. other exx. in Field, Notes 27).② break in pieces (Pla., Euthyd. 301c; 2 Ch 15:16; 34:7) of stones (Is 27:9) Hv 3, 2, 7; cp. 3, 6, 1.—M-M. -
11 καθαιρέω
+ V 13-21-18-17-26=95 Gn 24,18.46; 27,40; 44,11; Ex 23,24A: to let, put or take down [τι] Gn 24,18; to cut off [τι] 2 Mc 12,35; to destroy, to break [abs.] Gn 27,40;to break down [τι] Lv 11,35; to pull down [τι] (of buildings) 1 Mc 4,38; to destroy [τινα] Jb 19,2 P: to be removed from [ἀπό τινος] Jer 13,18τὴν πόλιν καθεῖλεν he razed the city to the ground JgsA 9,45; καθελῶ ὕβριν ἀλλοφύλων I will bringdownthe pride of the Philistines Zech 9,6; καθαιρέσει καθελεῖς you shall destroy utterly (them) (semit., rendering MT תהרסם הרס) Ex 23,24*2 Kgs 3,25 καθῃρημένους cast down-הרס for MT תשׂחר (בקיר) (at Kir-,,)haresethCf. LE BOULLUEC 1989 240(Ex 23,24); WEVERS 1990 372(Ex 23,24); 1993 439→TWNT -
12 διαιρέω
A take apart, cleave in twain, divide,διὰ δ' ἀμφοτέρους ἕλε κύκλους ἀσπίδος Il. 20.280
;παῖδα κατὰ μέλεα διελών Hdt.1.119
; δ. λαγόν cut it open, ib. 123; δ. πυλίδα break it open, Th.4.110, 6.51;δ. τὴν ὀροφήν
tear away, pull down,Id.
4.48;τοὺς σταυρούς X.An.5.2.21
; δ. τοῦ τείχους take down part of the wall, make a breach in it, Th.2.75; τὸ διῃρημένον the breach, ib.76,5.3; διῃρημένοι τὸ ὑπόζωμα, of insects, Arist. HA 556a18;διαιρουμένος τὴν καρδίαν Phld.Sign.1
.II divide, δύο μοίρας Λυδῶν the Lydians into two parts, Hdt.1.94, cf. 4.148;δύο μερίδας D.48.12
;δ. τριχῇ ψυχήν Pl.Phdr. 253c
;δ. εἰς τὸ ἐλάχιστον Arist.Sens. 440b5
;εἰς ὁμοιομερῆ Id.HA 486a5
([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Med., divide for themselves, κατ' ὀλίγας ναῦς διελόμενοι distributing their ships in small divisions, Th.4.11; τοῖς δικάζουσι δ. τὰ ὦτα lending an ear to both parties, Lib.Or.52.4; divide among themselves, ;τὴν ληΐην Hdt.9.85
;κατὰ πόλεις τὸ ἔργον Th.7.19
;τἀδικήματα D.45.38
: abs.,δ. κατὰ πόλεις Th.5.114
:—[voice] Pass., διῃρημένοι κατ' ἀναπαύλας divided into relays, Id.2.75; διαιρήσομαι as [tense] fut. [voice] Pass., Pl.Plt. 261c;διῄρητο τὰ τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς δύο D.10.51
.III distinguish,τυραννίδος εἴδη δύο διείλομεν Arist. Pol. 1295a8
, etc.;δ. πότερα.. X.Oec.7.26
: abs., Ar.Nu. 742:—[voice] Med., Pl.Tht. 182c;δ. τοὺς ἀμείνους καὶ τοὺς χείρονας Id.Lg. 950c
;δ. περί τινος Id.Chrm. 163d
.2 determine, decide,διαφορὰς διαιρέοντες Hdt.4.23
; ; τοῦτο πρᾶγμα ib. 488; ψήφῳ δ. τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι ib. 630;τὰ ἀμφίλογα X.Vect.3.3
, cf. Pl.R. 571a, Prt. 314b, al.;κλήρῳ δ. τὸν νικῶντα Id.Lg. 946b
;δ. περί τινος Arist.Ph. 239b13
, etc.; διαιρείσθω πόσα εἴδη, etc., Id.Pol. 1300b18, etc.: abs., Ar. Ra. 1100; alsoδ. εἴτε E.Ba. 206
codd.4 [voice] Med., interpret, τέρας, δημεῖον, D.H.4.60, 9.6.IV in Logic, divide,δ. κατ' εἴδη τὰ ὄντα Pl.Phdr. 273e
; divide a genus into its species, Arist.APo. 96b15, al.:—[voice] Med., Id.PA 642b5.V Math., divide, Pl.Lg. 895e ([voice] Pass.); διελόντι, dividendo, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.6, al.VI divide words, punctuate in reading, Isoc.12.17, Arist.Rh. 1401a24 ([voice] Pass.); Gramm., resolve a diphthong or contracted form,διῃρῆσθαι Ἰακῶς A.D.Pron.38.17
, cf. Corn.ND5, Hdn.Philet.p.456P. ([voice] Pass.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διαιρέω
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13 ἐκβάλλω
ἐκβάλλω, Arc. [full] ἐσδέλλω IG5(2).6.49 (Tegea, iv B.C.), [tense] fut. - βᾰλῶ: [tense] aor. - έβαλον: [tense] pf. - βέβληκα: [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.A- βεβλήσομαι E.Ba. 1313
:— throw or cast out of, c. gen.,Ὀδίον μέγαν ἔκβαλε δίφρου Il.5.39
, etc.: abs., throw out,ἐκ δ' εὐνὰς ἔβαλον 1.436
, etc. ; καὶ τὴν μὲν..ἰχθύσι κύρμα γενέσθαι ἔκβαλον threw her overboard, Od.15.481, cf. Hdt.1.24 : then in various relations, ἐκπίπτω being freq. used as its [voice] Pass. :1 throw ashore,τὸν δ' ἄρ'..νεὸς ἔκβαλε κῦμ' ἐπὶ χέρσου Od.19.278
;ἄνεμος.. τρηχέως περιέσπε..πολλὰς τῶν νεῶν ἐκβάλλων πρὸς τὸν Ἄθων Hdt.6.44
;ἐ. ἐς τὴν γῆν Id.7.170
(but in 2.113 ἄνεμοι..ἐκβάλλουσι ἐς τὸ πέλαγος carry out to sea ; ἐξέβαλεν ἄνεμος ἡμᾶς drove us out of our course, E.Cyc.20):—[voice] Med., put ashore,ἵππους ἐξεβάλλοντο Hdt. 6.101
; jettison, Syngr. ap. D.35.11.2 cast out of a place,Κιμμερίους ἐκβαλόντες ἐκ τῆς Εὐρώπης Hdt.1.103
; ἐ. ἐκ τῆς χώρας, of an enemy, Lycurg.99, cf. D.60.8 ; esp. of banishment, ἐκ πόλεως ἐ. drive out of the country, Pl.Grg. 468d, cf. Ar.Pl. 430, etc. ; of a corpse, ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, τῶν ὁρίων, Pl.Lg. 873b, 909c : c. acc. only. drive out, banish, Heraclit.121, S.OC6<*>6, 770, etc. ; turn out, ; cast out of the synagogue, Ev.Jo.34 ;ἐκ τοῦ τάγματος J.BJ2.8.8
; exorcize, cast out evil spirits, Ev.Marc.1.34, al. ; also in weakened sense, cause to depart, ib.43.3 expose on a desertisland, S.Ph. 257, 1034, 1390 ; expose a dead body,ταφῆς ἄτερ Id.Aj. 1388
; ἐ. τέκνα expose children, E. Ion 964.4 ἐ. γυναῖκα ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας divorce her, D. 59.83 : with simple acc., And.1.125, D.59.63, D.S.12.18, etc.:—[voice] Pass., LXXLe.21.7.5 cast out of his seat, depose a king,ἐ. ἕδρας Κρόνον A.Pr. 203
; ἐκ τυραννίδος θρόνου τ' ib. 910 ;ἐκ τῆς τιμῆς X.Cyr.1.3.9
: withoutἐκ, ἐ. τινὰ πλούτου S.El. 649
:—[voice] Pass., to be ejected, of an occupier, PPetr.2p.143 (iii B.C.), PMagd. 12.8 (iii B.C.), etc. ;χάριτος ἐκβεβλημένη S.Aj. 808
;ἐκ τῆς φιλίας X.An.7.5.6
; ἐκ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐξεβλήθησαν Isoc.4.70.7 ἐ. φρέατα dig wells, Plu. Pomp.32.8 of drugs, get rid of,τοξεύματα Dsc.3.32
.II strike out of,χειρῶν δ' ἔκβαλλε κύπελλα Od.2.396
, cf. Theoc.22.210 ; ἐκβάλλεθ'..τευχέων πάλους throw them out of the urns, A.Eu. 742 : abs., δοῦρα ἐ. fell trees (prop., cut them out of the forest), Od.5.244.III let fall, drop,χειρὸς δ' ἔκβαλεν ἔγχος Il.14.419
;σφῦραν B.17.28
; , cf. Ar.Lys. 156 ;οἰστούς X.An.2.1.6
: metaph., ἦ ῥ' ἅλιον ἔπος ἔκβαλον let fall an idle word, Il.18.324 ;εἰ μὴ ὑπερφίαλον ἔπος ἔκβαλε Od.4.503
, cf. Hdt.6.69, A.Ag. 1662, etc. ;ἐ. ῥῆμα Pl.R. 473e
: abs., utter, speak, D.L.9.7 ; shed,δάκρυα δ' ἔκβαλε θερμά Od. 19.362
; ἐ. ἕρκος ὀδόντων cast, shed one's teeth, Sol.27, cf. E.Cyc. 644, etc. ; throw up blood, S.Ant. 1238 ; spit out, Thphr.HP4.8.4 ; ἐκβαλεῦσι τὰς κούρας their eyes will drop out, prov. of covetous persons, Herod.4.64.IV throw away, cast aside, reject, εὐμένειαν, χάριν, S.OC 631, 636, cf. Plb.1.14.4 ;προγόνων παλαιὰ θέσμια E.Fr.360.45
; ; recall, repudiate,ἐ. λόγους Pl.Cri. 46b
; annul, ; remoue an official from his post, D.21.87 ; drive an actor from the stage, Id.19.337 : metaph., of a politician, Pl.Ax. 368d : —[voice] Pass., Ar.Eq. 525 ;ἐκβάλλεσθαι ἄξια Antipho 4.3.1
.VI produce, of women, Hp.Epid.4.25 (of premature birth), Plu.Publ.21 ; esp. in case of a miscarriage or abortion, Hp.Mul.1.60, Thphr.HP9.18.8;βρέφος ἐκ τῆς γαστρός Ant.Lib. 34
; with play on 1.2, D.L.2.102, etc. ; hatch chicks, Sch.Ar.Av. 251.b of plants, ἐ. καρπόν put forth fruit, Hp.Nat.Puer.22 ;ἐ. στάχυν E.Ba.75
):—[voice] Pass.,τὰ ἐκβαλλόμενα BGU197.12
(i A.D.).IX Math., produce a line, in [voice] Pass., Arist. Cael. 71b29, Mech. 850a11, Str. 2.1.29, etc. ; ἐ. εἰς ἄπειρον produce to infinity, in metaph. sense,τὰ δεινά Phld.D.1.12
, cf. 13.X intr., go out, depart,ἵν' ἐκβάλω ποδὶ ἄλλην ἐπ' αἶαν E.El.96
; of the sea, break out of its bed, Arist. Mete. 367b13 ; of a rivcr, branch off, Pl.Phd. 113a : metaph.,ἐπειδὰν ἐς μειράκια ἐκβάλωσιν D.C.52.26
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐκβάλλω
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14 κλάδος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `branch, twig, sprout' (IA., Arist., Thphr.), also a few cases of monosyllabic κλαδ- in κλαδ-ί, κλάδ-α, - ας and of an s-stem in κλάδεσι, - έεσσι, - έων (after δένδρεσι etc.?);Compounds: Compp., e. g. ὀλιγό-κλαδος (Thphr.), κλαδο-τομέω (pap.).Derivatives: Diminut. κλάδιον (Lib., pap.) and κλαδίσκος (Gal.); κλαδεών (Orph.), κλαδών (H.) = κλάδος; κλαδώδης `full of branches' (sch., Eust.), κλάδινος = rameus (Gloss.). Denomin. verb κλαδεύω `cut off branches, clip' (Artem.; - έω Arr.) with κλάδευσις (Aq., Sm., Gp.), κλαδεία (Gp.) `cutting off..., clipping', κλαδευτήρια pl. `pruned leaves' (Gloss.), κλαδευτής `pruner' (Gloss.), κλαδευτήριον, - ια `pruning knife, -festival' (H.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: One often connects * kelh₂- `cut off' (but Pok. 545ff. contains much irrelevant material). But this cannot give the Greek form. The connection with the Germ. word for ` Holz, Wald', OIc. OE holt n. etc. is probably wrong. That both forms can be derived from IE. *kl̥do- must be accidental, and there is no root * kel- without laryneal. Kluge-Seebold notes *kl̥h₂d- [there clearly is a misprint]; a Greek pre-form * klǝd- is impossible since the laryngeal theory: it should be *kl̥h₂d- which would have given *κλᾱδος. For the realia one referred to J. Trier, Holz (Münster-Köln 1952) p. 43ff. Mostly connected with κλάω `break off' (s. v.), but with a pre-Greek (i.e. from before hist. Greek) dental enlargement. Independent of κλάδος is the δ-formation of κλαδαρός `invalid' (s. v.); further καλαδία ἑυκάνη (= `plane') H. [LSJ gives ῥυκάνη (`plane-tree'); thus Frisk s.v.; but this lemma does not exist in H.] with diff. ablaut, s.s.v. - Outside Greek one connects Lat. clādēs `damage etc.', but this requires * klh₂d-, which is impossible for Greek ; and Slav., e. g. Russ.-Csl. klada, Russ. kolodá `beam, block, trunk', on whch I have no opinion. Kuiper GS Kretschmer 121f connected with κλάδος κλών, κλῶναξ, with nasalization (replacement of a stop by the nasal of that series) of the δ; cf. κλῶναξ κλάδος H. Further Pok. 546f..Page in Frisk: 1,864-865Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλάδος
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15 ἀποσπάω
+ V 1-2-2-1-3=9 Lv 22,24; Jos 8,6; JgsB 16,9; Is 28,9; Jer 12,14A: to draw away from [τι ἀπό τινος] Jos 8,6; to detach, to break [τι] JgsB 16,9 P: to be dragged away, to be separated Jb 41,9ἀπεσπασμένος cut, mutilated, eunuch Lv 22,24 -
16 διακλάω
V 0-0-0-1-0=1 Lam 4,4to break in two, to cut (a piece of bread) -
17 διαλαμβάνω
διαλαμβάνω, [tense] fut. - λήψομαι: [tense] aor. διέλᾰβον: [tense] pf. διείληφα: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. διείλημμαι, alsoAδιαλέλημμαι Ar.Ec. 1090
, [dialect] Ion.- λέλαμμαι Hdt.4.68
:— take or receive severally, i.e. each his own share,ἵνα διαλαμβάνοιεν ἕκαστοι τὰ ἄξια X.Cyr.7.3.1
, cf. An.5.3.4;δ. οἰκίας Lys.12.8
.II grasp or lay hold of separately,διαλαβόντες.. τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας Hdt.4.94
: hence, seize, arrest,τινά Id.1.114
, Pl.R. 615e;διαλελαμμένος ἄγεται Hdt.4.68
, cf. Ar.Ec. 1090 (v. Sch. ad loc.).2 in wrestling, grasp round the waist, seize by the middle, διαλαβὼν ἀγκυρίσας cj. Casaub. in Ar.Eq. 262;διαλαμβάνων τοὺς νεανίσκους ἐτραχήλιζεν Plu.Ant.33
; in full,μέσον δ. τινά Ach.Tat.3.13
; also, tie up,σπάρτῳ PHolm.12.13
: metaph. of the soul,διειλημμένη ὑπὸ τοῦ σωματοειδοῦς Pl.Phd. 81c
.4 metaph., embrace, ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πᾶν δ. comprehend in a general statement, Thphr. HP8.1.6.III divide,τὸν ποταμὸν ἐς τριηκοσίας διώρυχας δ. Hdt.1.190
, cf. 202, 5.52;τριχῆ δώδεκα μέρη δ.
divide12
parts into 3 (i.e. of 4 each), Pl.Lg. 763c; ἵνα χωρὶς ἡμᾶς διαλάβῃ, of a person taking his seat between two others, Id.Smp. 222e; δ. εἰς δύο πάντας divide them into two parties, Arist.Pol. 1296a11; δ. τὸν δῆμον, τοὺς ἀπόρους, ib. 1272b11, 1320b8; :—[voice] Pass., ποταμὸς διαλελαμμένος πενταχοῦ divided into five channels, Hdt.3.117; of troops, Aen.Tact.10.25; θώρακες διειλημμένοι τὸ βάρος ὑπὸ τῶν ὤμων, στήθους κτλ. coat-armour having its weight distributed so as to be borne by.., X.Mem.3.10.13.2 mark at intervals, στήλαις δ. τοὺς ὅρους Decr. ap. D.18.154; τὰ τείχη δ. φυλακτηρίοις καὶ πύργοις provide them at intervals with.., Arist.Pol. 1331a20 ([voice] Pass.), cf. OGI701.13 ([place name] Egypt): of Time, .3 cut off, intercept,τὰ στενόπορα Th.7.73
codd.;ὁ πορθμὸς ὁ δ. τὴν Σικελίαν Arist.Mir. 840a2
;δ. τάφρῳ Plb. 5.99.9
;δ. φυλακαῖς διαστήματα Id.1.18.4
, etc.4 mark off, distinguish,αἱ πολιτεῖαι.. τοὺς πλείστους διειλήφασιν Isoc.4.16
.5 diversify, intersperse,ἐπεισοδίοις δ. τὴν ποίησιν Arist.Po. 1459a36
;λόγον περιόδοις D.H.Comp.2
; παραπληρώμασι ib.16; ποιήσεις μέτροις ib.26:—[voice] Pass., γῆ χρώμασι διειλημμένη marked with various colours, Pl.Phd. 110b;λειμῶνες παντοδαποῖς φυτοῖς διειλ. Luc.Patr.Enc. 10
.b in [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass., distinct,Phld.
D.1.24; κατ' οὐ δ. δόξας ibid.; cf. διειλημμένως.6 divide or distinguish in thought,ταῦτα δ. τοῖς διανοήμασι Pl.Lg. 777a
; δ. δίχα [αὐτοὺς] τῷ παίζειν καὶ μή ib. 935d, cf. E.El. 373; διὰ τῶν ἔργων δ. τὴν πίστιν draw distinctive arguments from facts, dub. l. in Arist.Pol. 1323a40;περί τινος Id.PA 665a31
, PAmh.2.35.44 (ii B.C.):ὑπέρ τινος Plb. 2.42.7
;δ. τί δεῖ ποιεῖν Id.4.25.1
, cf. PRyl.68.23 (i B.C.): hence, determine, define,τὸν καιρόν Plb.15.5.2
: c. inf., Id.30.9.2; grasp, apprehend, Epicur.Ep.1p.5U., al.; perceive, ὅτι .. Phld.Sign.29; give a judicial decision, BGU195.36 (ii A.D.), 15 i 16 (ii A.D.): in later Prose, simply, think, believe, J.AJ2.16.5, Anon.Lond.24.32, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διαλαμβάνω
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18 ἀφίστημι
A causal in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., in [tense] fut. ἀποστήσω, and [tense] aor. I ἀπέστησα, as also in [tense] aor. I [voice] Med. (v. infr.):—put away, remove, keep out of the way,τὸ ἀσθενέστατον τοῦ στρατεύματος X.HG7.5.23
; (lyr.); of diseases, Dsc.2.96, Gal.13.846;τὰ συγκείμενα ἀ. ἀπ' ἀλλήλων Pl.Plt. 282b
;ἀ. τῆς ἐλάας τὸν φλοιόν Thphr.CP3.3.2
;ἀ. τινὰ λόγου
hinder from..,E.
IT 912; ἀ. τὰς τῶν πολεμίων ἐπιβουλάς frustrate them, Th.1.93; ἀ. τὸν ἄρχοντα depose him, X.HG7.1.45:—[tense] aor. [voice] Med., Ἀργείων δόρυ πυλῶν ἀπεστήσασθε remoued it from your own gates, E.ph.1087:—in Hdt.9.23 ἀποστήσαντες, = ἀποστάντες, having retired.2 cause to revolt, of allies, Id.8.19, Ar.Eq. 238, Th.1.81;τινὰ ἀπό τινος Hdt.1.76
, 154, etc.;τινά τινος And.3.22
.3 in geom. constructions, cut off, Procl.Hyp. 6.7.II weigh out, X.Smp.2.20;ἀποστησάτωσαν τὰ χρυσία IG7.303.19
([place name] Oropus); pay, (ii B.C.): also in [tense] aor. I [voice] Med., μὴ.. ἀποστήσωνται Ἀχαιοὶ χρεῖος lest they weigh out (i. e. pay in full) the debt, Il.13.745, cf. IG12.91.20, al.:—in strict sense of [voice] Med., ἀποστήσασθαι τὸν χαλκόν to have the brass weighed out to one, D.49.52.—Hom. has it trans. only in l.c.III [voice] Med., give a final decision (or break up, dismiss the assembly), ῥήτρα ap.Plu. Lyc.6.B intr., in [voice] Pass., as also in [tense] aor. 2 ἀπέστην, imper. ,ἀπόστα Men.375
: [tense] pf. ἀφέστηκα in [tense] pres. sense, sync. in pl. ἀφέστᾰμεν, -στᾰτε, -στᾶσι, as in inf. ἀφεστάναι, part. ἀφεστώς, -ῶσα, -ός or - ώς: [tense] plpf. ἀφεστήκειν, [dialect] Att. : [tense] fut. [voice] Med.ἀποστήσομαι E.Hec. 1054
, Th.5.64, etc. (while [tense] aor. I [voice] Med. is causal (v. supr.)): for [tense] fut. ἀφεστήξω v. h. v.:— stand away or aloof from, keep far from,ὅσσον δὲ τροχοῦ ἵππος ἀφίσταται Il.23.517
;οὐ μέν κ' ἄλλη γ' ὧδε γυνὴ.. ἀνδρὸς ἀφεσταίη Od.23.101
;ἀποστᾶσ' ἐκποδών E.Hel. 1023
;ἐς ἄλλο σχῆμ' ἀ. βίου Id.Med. 1039
; ; ὡς γραφεὺς (or βραβεὺς)ἀποσταθείς E.Hec. 807
;μακρὰν τόποις καὶ χρόνοις ἀ. D.S.13.22
: hence in various relations, ἀφεστάναι φρενῶν lose one's wits, S.Ph. 865; (lyr.); οὐδενὸς ἀποστήσονται ὅσα ἂν δίκαια λέγητε depart from, object to right proposals, Th.4.118;ἀ. φόνου E.Or. 1544
; ἀ. ἀρχῆς to be deposed from office, Pl.Lg. 928d; simply, resign, SIG527.105 (Crete, iii B. C.); ἀ. τῶν πραγμάτων, τῆς πολιτείας, etc., withdraw from business, politics, have done with it, D.10.1, 18.308, etc.; ἔργων ἢ πόνων ἢ κινδύνων shun them, Isoc.4.83, cf.X.HG7.5.19, etc.; ὧν εἷλεν ἀποστάς giving up all claim to what he had won (at law), D.21.181;τῶν αὑτῆς Id.19.147
, cf. 35.4; ἀφίστασθαι τῶν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ ib.44;οὐδενὸς τῶν ἀνηκόντων τῇ πόλει Inscr.Magn.53.65
; τὴν πολιτείαν.. τὴν ἀφεστηκυῖαν τοῦ μέσου πλεῖον further removed from.., Arist.Pol. 1296b8;ἀποστὰς τῶν πατρῴων Luc.DMort.12.3
; ἀ. ἐκ Σικελίας withdraw from the island, give up the expedition, Th.7.28; retire,ἐς Ἰθώμην Id.1.101
: rarely c.acc., avoid, shrink from,τὸν ἥλιον X.Cyn. 3.3
;τὸν πόλεμον Id.An.2.5.7
; ;πυγμήν Philostr. Gym.20
(prob. cj.).2 in Prose, ἀ. ἀπό τινος revolt from.., Hdt. 1.95, 130, etc.;τινός Id.2.113
;οὐκ ἀποστήσομαι ἀπὸ τοῦ δήμου Ἀθηναίων IG12.39.21
; but Ἀθηναίων τοῦ πλήθους ib.10.22; also ἀ. εἴς or πρός τινας, Hdt.2.30, 162, cf. X.An.1.6.7;ἐς δημοκρατίαν ἀ. Th.8.90
: abs., revolt, Hdt.1.102, etc.; ὑπό τινος at his instigation, Th.8.35 ( ἀπό codd.).3 ἀ. τινί make way for another, give way to him, E. Hec. 1054, D.8.37.4 c. gen., shrink from,τῶν κινδύνων Isoc.9.29
: also c. inf., shrink from doing,ἀπέστην τοῦτ' ἐρωτῆσαι σαφῶς E. Hel. 536
.5 abs., stand aloof, recoil from fear, horror, etc.,τίπτε καταπτώσσοντες ἀφέστατε; Il.4.340
;πολλὸν ἀφεσταότες 17.375
;παλίνορσος ἀπέστη 3.33
, Pi.O.1.52, P.4.145;ἐγὼ οὐδέν τι μᾶλλον ἀ. Pl.Tht. 169b
, cf. D.19.45, etc.; desist,μὴ νῦν -ώμεθα Pl.Lg. 960e
; a runaway,Lys.
23.7.6 Medic., ἀφίσταται, = ἀπόστασις γίγνεται, εἰς ἄρθρα Hp.Aph.4.74; ἀ. ὀστέον exfoliates, ib. 6.45; alsoἀ. ἀπὸ τῶν ὀστῶν Pl.Ti. 84a
;τὸ δέρμα ἀ. X.Eq.1.5
; also, project, stand out,ὦτα ἀφεστηκότα PLond.3.1209.12
(i B. C.).b to be separated by the formation of an abscess, Gal.11.116, al. (also in [voice] Act.,τὸ πύον ἀφίστησι 7.715
).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀφίστημι
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19 πρί̄ω
πρί̄ωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to saw', medic. `to trephine', ὀδόντας πρίειν `to gnash one's teeth', ( ὀδὰξ) πρίειν `to bite(with one's teeth), to grasp', pass. metaph. `to experience a biting pain'.Other forms: rarely a. late - ίζω, aor. πρῖσαι, pass. πρισθῆναι, perf. midd. πέπρισμαι (all IA.), act. πέπρικα (D. S.).Dialectal forms: Myc. piri(je)te(re) ? Aura Jorro 2, 124.Derivatives: 1. πρίων, - ονος m. `saw' (IA.) with πριόν-ιον n. (Ph. Bel.), - ῖτις f. plantname (Aret. a.o.; Redard 76), - ωτός (Ar., Arist.), - ώδης (Thphr.) `saw-shaped, jagged'. 2. πρῖσμα ( παρά-, ἔκ- πρί̄ω) n. `anything sawn, sawdust' (Hp., Thphr.), `trilateral column, prism' (Euc.) with - μάτιον (Procl.); πρισμοῖς ταῖς βιαίοις κατοχαῖς H. 3. πρῖσις ( ἀνά-, ἔκ-, ἀπό- πρί̄ω) f. `the sawing' (Hp., Arist.). 4. πρίστης m. `sawer, saw' (Att. a. hell. inscr. a. pap., Poll.) with f. πρῖστις `saw-fish' (Epich., Arist.; Strömberg Fischn. 44), also instrument (Att. a. Epid. inscr.) etc. 5. πριστήρ m. `saw, sawer' (LXX). 6. πριστός `sawn' (Od.; Amman Μνήμ. χάρ. 16); εὔ-, δύσ-πριστος (Thphr.) a.o. 7. πριστικός `belonging to sawing' (Hero). -- Besides some with ω enlarged forms: πε-πριω-μένος, ἀ-, δια-πρίω-τος (Hp.), ( δια-)πρίω-σις f. (Delph., Epid.), πριώμασι πρίσμασι H., with fut. πριωσεῖ and sub. pres. πριῳ̃ (Tab. Heracl.), from *πριώω ? (Schwyzer 729 a. 738 n. 6 w. lit.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Like the in a certain sense related χρί̄ω `rub (in)' πρί̄ω firt in a regularly built system. Like Lat. trī-vī, trī-tum, τρί̄-βω `rub (down)' stands beside terō, τείρω `rub (open)' and scī-vī, scī-tum `decide' beside secō `cut', πρί̄ω belongs to πείρω `pierce' (cf. Persson Beitr. 2, 738). Further analysis is impossible; the comparison with Alb. prish `spoil, break, destroy' (G. Meyer Alb. Wb. 353) remains quite uncertain. Strong dobts regarding the here given interpretation in WP. 2, 89, where for πρίω rather onomatop. origin is assumed. -- The ω-forms ared prob. due to cross: after τετρωμένος, ἄτρωτος, τρώω, τρῶμα?Page in Frisk: 2,596Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πρί̄ω
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